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1.npr什么意思？
2.谁能用英文帮我翻译一下这文章哦
3.与用户分析/消费者洞察相关的标源标源模型汇总

npr什么意思？

       NPR，全称为"Numerical Propagation of Signals"，码f码实质上是标源标源一个用于描述无线通信或信号处理中的一个技术术语。它指的码f码是数字信号在从发送端传输到接收端的过程中，其在平向（直接路径）和反向（通过各种干扰路径）通道中噪声功率的标源标源比值。这个比值反映了信号在传输过程中的码f码源码确认书质量，特别是标源标源在存在热噪声、外部干扰以及数字系统内部非线性失真的码f码情况下。NPR越高，标源标源意味着信号在传播中的码f码干扰越小，信号质量越好。标源标源因此，码f码NPR是标源标源睡眠app源码 开发评估无线通信系统稳定性和抗干扰能力的重要指标。

       简而言之，码f码NPR衡量的标源标源是在信号传输过程中，噪声与有用信号的相对强度，是衡量信号处理和通信系统性能的关键参数之一。通过优化NPR，可以提升通信系统的可靠性，确保信息的准确传输。

谁能用英文帮我翻译一下这文章哦

       Signal generator

       Creating the necessary parameters of electrical test equipment signals. According to signal waveforms can be divided into sinusoidal signal, function (waveform) signal, pulse signal and random signal generator, such as four groups.

       Sinusoidal signal sinusoidal signal generator, the main circuit and system for measuring the frequency characteristics of nonlinear distortion, gain and sensitivity. According to the frequency of coverage is divided into low-frequency signal generator, high-frequency signal generator and microwave signal generator; by output level adjustment range can be divided into simple and stable signal generator (that is, signal source), standard signal generator (output Power can accurately - dB attenuation to milliwatts or less) and power signal generator (output power up to more than tens of milliwatts); by way of the frequency change is divided into tuner signal generator, sweep signal generator, program-controlled signal generator and frequency synthesizer, such as signal generator.

       Low-frequency signal generator including audio ( ~ , Hz) and video (1 Hz to MHz) range of sine wave generator. Main vibration level tends to be used RC-type oscillator, beat frequency oscillator can also be used. In order to facilitate the testing system frequency characteristics require output amplitude-frequency characteristic calm waveform distortion small.

       High-frequency signal generator frequency of kHz to MHz high-frequency, ~ MHz VHF signal generator. Generally tuned LC-type oscillator, the frequency can be tuned capacitors dial scale read out. The main purpose is to measure a variety of technical indicators receiver. Output signal can be used internal or external low-frequency sinusoidal AM or FM signal, so that the carrier frequency output voltage can be attenuated to 1 micro-volt below. Standard signal generator (Figure 1 diagram of the standard signal generator) output signal level accurate readings, the increase in the rate of transfer or offset meter can also read out. In addition, the equipment there to prevent signal leakage good shielding.

       Microwave signal generator from the UHF band up to millimeter-wave signal generator. Signal is usually distributed parameter resonator with the ultra-high frequency transistors and reflex klystron, but are gradually being microwave transistor, FET and Gunn diodes and other devices to replace the solid trend. Generally rely on mechanical devices tuned cavity to change the frequency of each can cover an octave or so, coupled by the cavity of the signal power of up to mW or more generally. Simple signal source can be added only 1, square Joseph AM, and the standard signal generator is able to adjust the output level benchmarks to 1 mW, and then from behind with the attenuator signal level read out the decibel milliwatts value; also must There are internal or external rectangular pulse amplitude modulation, in order to test radar receiver.

       Sweep and program-controlled signal generator frequency sweep signal generator can produce a constant rate, the frequency of a limited scope for changes in the linear signal. In the high-frequency and high frequency bands with low-frequency scanning voltage or current control oscillation circuit components (such as varactor or core coil) to achieve the oscillation frequency sweep; early adopters in the microwave tuning voltage swept by changing the backward wave helix DC voltage electrodes to change the oscillation frequency, and later widely used in magnetic tuning sweep to YIG ferrite microwave solid ball for tuning oscillator circuit, by scanning the magnetic field to change the DC current control of the resonant frequency of the ball. Sweep sweep signal generator with automatic, manual, program-controlled and far-control and other work.

       Frequency synthesizer signal generator signal generator that is not directly produced by the oscillator, but high stability crystal oscillators as a standard frequency source, the use of frequency synthesis technology required for the formation of arbitrary frequency signal, with the standard frequency the source of the same frequency accuracy and stability. Output signal frequency is usually digits may choose a maximum capacity of high-resolution digital. In addition to manually select the frequency of use can also be programmed and far outside the control can also be carried out step-style sweep, suitable for automatic test systems. Direct frequency synthesizer by the crystal oscillation, addition, multiplication, such as filtering and amplification circuit, but quickly transform frequency circuit complexity, the maximum output frequency can only be reached around MHz. More use of indirect frequency synthesizer is to use the standard frequency source through the control of electrical tuning oscillator phase-locked loop (in the loop at the same time to achieve frequency doubling, frequency and mixer), to produce and export a variety of the required frequency signal. This synthesizer can reach the highest frequency of .5 GHz. High stability and high-resolution frequency synthesizer, with a variety of modulation functions (AM, FM and PM), plus zoom, steady increases and attenuation circuit, they constitute a new type of high-performance, can be programmed the synthesized signal generator, but also as a phase-locked-type sweep generator

       (仅供参考)

与用户分析/消费者洞察相关的模型汇总

       5A模型，由菲利普·科特勒提出，涵盖了用户/消费者从了解、吸引、问询、钉钉hook源码行动到拥护的购买产品全链路过程。Aware阶段，消费者被动接收产品信息，如在社交媒体上了解到品牌和产品。Appeal阶段，消费者主动构建品牌认知，感受吸引力。Ask阶段，消费者通过问询了解更多信息，解决购买前的顾虑。Act阶段，消费者做出购买决策，PHP提现源码与商品互动。Advocate阶段，消费者复购并推荐品牌给他人。影响消费者从Aware阶段达到Advocate阶段的因素包括自我、他人和外部因素。5A模型下的关键指标包括购买行动率（PAR）和品牌推荐率（BAR）。

       AISAS模型，由电通公司提出，将消费者行为分为Attention（注意）、Interest（兴趣）、Search（搜索）、Action（行动）和Share（分享）五个环节。芋道源码书单与5A模型相似，但更加侧重于信息传播和消费者参与。

       AIPL模型，阿里的AIPL模型帮助商家划分客户资产，分为Awareness（认知）、Interest（兴趣）、Purchase（购买）和Loyalty（忠诚）四个环节，形成品牌认知、兴趣、购买与忠诚四大人群。

       KANO模型用于分类用户需求的优先级，需求分为基础型、期望型和魅力型。基础型需求是产品必须满足的，期望型需求提升满意度，魅力型需求带来惊喜。无差异型需求不会影响满意度，反向型需求降低满意度。

       HEART框架衡量产品体验设计效果，包含Happiness（愉悦感）、Engagement（参与感）、Adoption（接受度）、Retention（留存率）和Task Success（任务成功）。谷歌团队开发此框架，旨在提高用户体验。

       GSM模型包括GOALS（目标）、SIGNALS（信号）和METRICS（指标）。GOALS指向体验目标，SIGNALS是达成目标的信号，METRICS量化用户信号，评估体验问题。

       创新扩散模型由埃弗雷特·罗杰斯提出，将接受创新的人群分为革新者、早期采用者、早期追随者、晚期追随者和落后者，分为了解、兴趣、评估、试验和采纳阶段。

       VALS2模型调查人们的价值观和生活方式，分为现代者、实现者、成就者、享乐者、信任者、奋斗者、休闲者和挣扎者等群体。

       AARRR模型包括用户获取、激活、留存、推荐和收益五个指标，追踪用户行为以促进增长。

       影响用户增长的七率包括拉新率、激活率、复购率、留存率、传播率、投诉率和流失率，提供评估增长指标的依据。

       用户体验地图结合场景、触点、体验路径、峰终定律和体验底线，通过可视化形式帮助优化用户旅程，提高满意度和忠诚度。

       以上内容不断更新，以适应市场和消费者行为的变化。